Comparing R1234ze and R1233zd in Chiller Applications
- Posted on 28/11/2025
- by Shane Fernando
- Chillers
2 min read
Choosing the right refrigerant is critical for balancing performance, efficiency, and long-term sustainability. The table below compares R1234ze and R1233zd—two low-GWP refrigerants commonly used in modern chiller systems—highlighting their differences in environmental impact, operating performance, safety classification, and long-term compliance under evolving F-Gas and REACH regulations.
| Aspect | R1234ze | R1233zd | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| GWP (Global Warming Potential) | < 1 | ≈ 1 | Both are ultra-low GWP choices. |
| Pressure / System Performance | Slightly higher operating pressure enables smaller compressors and compact units; easier maintenance. | Lower pressure typically needs larger components. | R1234ze can reduce footprint and service complexity. |
| Seasonal Efficiency (COP / IPLV) | Tends to deliver higher Seasonal COP & IPLV in 5–10 °C chilled-water range. | Generally lower in the same range. | Good match for common HVAC applications. |
| Typical Application | Scroll / screw chillers; multi-combination systems. | Primarily centrifugal chillers. | Aligns with current Clivet chiller ranges. |
| Sustainability / Regulation Fit | Ultra-low GWP; ~10% PFAS content; aligns well with F-Gas & REACH trends. | Low GWP; future PFAS restrictions may impact certain HFOs. | R1234ze is generally the more “future-proof” option. |
| Safety Classification | A2L (low flammability, low toxicity). | A1 (non-flammable, low toxicity). | Apply per EN 378 and project risk profile. |
| Market Adoption / Portfolio Fit | Expanding adoption; strong fit with Clivet’s screw/scroll strategy. | Used where centrifugal systems are specified. | Choose based on system type and long-term compliance. |